t1_dtm

=The Demographic Transition Model= toc The changes in population growth rates and the effect on population can be shown on the **Demographic Transition Model** (Population Cycle).

Fantastic explanation of the DTM: [] Complete the DTM online activity: []

This can be divided into **five** stages:

Stage 1 - High Fluctuating
Birth Rate and Death rate are both high. Population growth is slow and fluctuating. Birth Rate is high as a result of: Death Rate is high because of: Typical of Britain in the 18th century and the Least Economically Developed Countries (LEDC's) today.
 * Reasons**
 * Lack of family planning
 * High Infant Mortality Rate: putting babies in the 'bank'
 * Need for workers in agriculture
 * Religious beliefs
 * Children as economic assets
 * High levels of disease
 * Famine
 * Lack of clean water and sanitation
 * Lack of health care
 * War
 * Competition for food from predators such as rats
 * Lack of education

Stage 2 - Early Expanding
Birth Rate remains high. Death Rate is falling. Population begins to rise steadily. Death Rate is falling as a result of: Typical of Britain in 19th century; Bangladesh; Nigeria
 * Reasons**
 * Improved health care (e.g. Smallpox Vaccine)
 * Improved Hygiene (Water for drinking boiled)
 * Improved sanitation
 * Improved food production and storage
 * Improved transport for food
 * Decreased Infant Mortality Rates

Stage 3 - Late Expanding
Birth Rate starts to fall. Death Rate continues to fall. Population rising. Typical of Britain in late 19th and early 20th century; China; Brazil
 * Reasons:**
 * Family planning available
 * Lower Infant Mortality Rate
 * Increased mechanization reduces need for workers
 * Increased standard of living
 * Changing status of women

Stage 4 - Low Fluctuating
Birth Rate and Death Rate both low. Population steady. Typical of USA; Sweden; Australia; Britain [|(Source)]

Stage 5 - Negative Pop. Growth
Birth Rate low, Death rate falls below birth rate. Population growth is now negative. Examples: Japan, Italy

Watch this movie: media type="youtube" key="0dK3mL35nkk" height="344" width="425"

=‘The world population’: Internet presentation=

Go to: @http://www.ined.fr/en/everything_about_population/animations/world_population/
 * 1) Click on 'Launch the movie'
 * 2) For each 'chapter', take some notes.
 * 3) You can pause the presentation when you need to write.

Here is a guide which you can use to take your notes:


 * Population Growth today**
 * Current rate of world population increase.


 * World Population history**
 * Rates of growth over the last two-thousand years
 * Future rates of world population growth
 * Questions posed by the narrator?


 * Early demographic equilibrium**
 * History of births – patterns.
 * Why the world population remained stable.
 * What regulated population growth


 * The demographic transition**
 * Explain the stages of the model
 * How the model relates to Europe and other regions of the world. Why they are at different stages.
 * Why the world population will level off.
 * Future projections.


 * The future world population**
 * Long term UN projections (and consequences)
 * Replacement fertility
 * Low fertility
 * High fertility
 * Constant fertility


 * Conclusion**